Health

Body Fat Calculator

What this does

Estimate body fat percentage with the US Navy circumference method using height, neck and waist measurements (plus hips for women).

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Runs in your browser

Calculator inputs

Measure at the navel, relaxed, at the end of a normal exhale.

Women only; the male formula ignores this field.

Using the body fat calculator

  1. 01

    Measure with a flexible tape

    Neck below the larynx; waist at the navel for men, narrowest point for women; hips at the widest point (women).

  2. 02

    Keep the tape snug, not tight

    Parallel to the floor without compressing skin; repeat each measurement twice and average.

  3. 03

    Track the trend, not the decimal

    Monthly remeasurements reveal direction reliably even where absolute precision is ±3%.

Why circumference beats BMI for composition

Because tape measures respond to where fat actually sits, the Navy method distinguishes a muscular waist-thick torso from a soft one far better than weight-for-height ratios ever can. It costs nothing and takes ninety seconds.

Reading your number honestly

Essential fat sits around 2–5% for men and 10–13% for women; athletic populations commonly measure 6–13% and 14–20%; average healthy ranges extend to roughly 24% and 31% respectively. Lower is not better once essential fat is approached.

Improving measurement reliability

  • Same time of day, ideally mornings before food.
  • Same measurer or careful mirror positioning each session.
  • Average of two or three takes per site, recorded verbatim.

The math behind this calculator

Men: %BF = 495 / (1.0324 − 0.19077·log₁₀(waist−neck) + 0.15456·log₁₀(height)) − 450 Women: %BF = 495 / (1.29579 − 0.35004·log₁₀(waist+hip−neck) + 0.221·log₁₀(height)) − 450 (circumferences in inches)

The Hodgdon & Beckett (1984) circumference equations, adopted by the US Navy, predict body density from log-transformed tape measurements taken at standardized sites, then convert density to fat percentage via the Siri-equivalent 495/D − 450 relation.

Logically, a bigger waist raises estimated fat while thicker necks (muscular, not fatty tissue) lower it. Measurements must follow the same landmarks each time for trend-tracking to mean anything.

Assumptions & limitations

  • Adults with typical fat distribution; accuracy degrades at extremes.
  • Typical error versus DEXA is ±3–4 percentage points.
  • Hip field exists for both sexes but enters only the female equation.

Worked example

A 180 cm man with a 38 cm neck and 85 cm waist measures around 9.8% body fat by the Navy method; the athletic end for his frame.

Frequently asked questions

Why do men not need the hip measurement?
The male regression uses only waist and neck because male fat pattern concentrates centrally; female equations incorporate hips to capture the gluteofemoral depot. The hip box stays visible so women have everything in one form.
How close is this to a DEXA scan?
Group-level correlation is good (r ≈ 0.8–0.9) but individuals can differ from DEXA by 3–4 points either way; use it for trends.
Can I be too lean?
Yes. Sustained measurement near essential-fat levels disrupts hormones, immunity and (in women) menstrual function. Performance suffers before health collapses; reverse course early.

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